By Raphaël MORENON
6 April 2025
French civil procedure has undergone profound change in recent years. Law no. 2019-222 of 23 March 2019 on programming 2018-2022 and reform for the justice system initiated a major upheaval. Decree no. 2019-1333 of 11 December 2019 then gave concrete form to this overhaul. These texts modify the judicial structure and transform the procedural rules. For both litigants and legal professionals, these changes require rapid adaptation. The creation of the tribunal judiciaire The tribunal judiciaire is the most visible structural innovation. Created by merging the tribunal d'instance and the tribunal de grande instance, it simplifies judicial organisation. Article 95, I, 1° of Act no. 2019-222 created this unified court. Decree no. 2019-965 of 18 September 2019 then substituted the tribunal judiciaire for the former courts in all regulatory texts. This merger generates concrete consequences: A civil dispute now comes under the jurisdiction of a single...
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