Publications
Legal regime for payment cards: developments and challenges (PSD1, PSD2, PSR1)
By Raphaël MORENON13 August 2025The payment card, once a simple withdrawal and payment tool, has become a central instrument in our economy. Its legal regime, initially fragmented and based on ordinary contract law, has undergone far-reaching changes under the impetus of European Union law. These developments have resulted in a dense regulatory framework designed to harmonise practices, enhance the security of transactions and protect consumers. To navigate this complex environment, the assistance of a lawyer with expertise in payment services law is often essential. Our comprehensive guide to payment cards in French banking law offers a first approach to the essential concepts that need to be mastered. Developments in the legal framework for payment cards in France From a few scattered provisions to a body of rules harmonised at European level, the legal regime governing payment cards has become increasingly complex, made necessary by technological developments and the need to...
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> The practice of seizing propertyA practical, chronological and exhaustive study of the implementation of a property seizure procedure.
We put all our expertise to work to achieve a simple objective: to prevent a property seizure.
Renegotiation and early repayment of mortgages
The life of a mortgage is not a long, quiet river. A significant fall in market interest rates, a marked improvement in your financial situation or, on the contrary, temporary difficulties may lead you to consider amending your initial loan contract. Fortunately, the legal framework...Securing your export operations with credit insurance
```html Exporting opens up tempting business prospects, but involves specific risks. How do you protect your cash flow when a foreign customer doesn't pay? Export credit insurance, particularly through Coface, is an essential tool for companies expanding internationally. Export credit insurance policies: three formulas to suit...Export credit insurance: an essential lever
In the arena of international trade, every transaction is accompanied by a multitude of risks. The remoteness of trading partners, political instability in certain regions, currency volatility and the potential insolvency of debtors are major obstacles for exporting companies. These uncertainties can turn a promising business opportunity into a financial nightmare. Credit insurance...Bank accounts: opening, operation and legal particularities
Modern life demands a bank account. Its absence complicates payments, income collection and social integration. Yet the legal aspects of the right to a bank account are often poorly understood by the general public. The right to an account: a mechanism for banking inclusion The legislator has created a "right to an account" to combat banking exclusion. The article...Conflicts of interest in the banking sector: prevention and management
Banking institutions often wear many hats: lender, shareholder, securities distributor, advisor, etc. This inherent versatility creates fertile ground for the emergence of conflicts of interest. High-profile cases such as the Enron scandal in the United States and the LVMH v Morgan Stanley dispute in France are painful reminders of this.News and recent case law on time limits
Controlling procedural time limits is a strategic factor in any dispute. In recent years, the law governing time limits has undergone considerable change, both through legislative reforms and developments in case law. These changes redefine the time constraints imposed on litigants. The 2019 reform of civil procedure...The European System of Central Banks: architecture and operation
Understanding the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) is essential to grasping Europe's monetary mechanisms. This complex structure, born of the Maastricht Treaty, governs our daily economic life without us always being aware of it. 1 Introduction to the ESCB and the Eurosystem Definition and composition of the ESCB The ESCB, created...The rights of the judicial agent of the State and the settlement in legal proceedings
In the judicial arena, the State has a single representative: the State Judicial Agent (AJE). This legal representative, often unknown to the general public, has specific prerogatives while being subject to ordinary law. The AJE's power of settlement is a strategic tool for resolving disputes involving the State, particularly those relating to...The European Enforcement Order: understanding this cross-border debt collection mechanism
Imagine that your French company has a claim of €20,000 against a German customer. Before 2004, recovering this sum required an exequatur procedure - long and costly. Since Regulation (EC) No 805/2004, you can obtain a European Enforcement Order (EEO), which simplifies everything. Introduction to the concept of an EEO...Special procedures before the JEX: applications and enforcement difficulties
Enforcement proceedings sometimes require the enforcement judge (JEX) to intervene quickly and effectively. The legislator has made provision for two special procedures, adapted to urgent situations: the procedure for enforcement difficulties and the procedure on application. These procedures enable bailiffs and creditors to obtain rapid and effective...
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