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Access to financial investment adviser (FIA) status: conditions and procedure
By Raphaël MORENON12 August 2025The status of financial investment adviser (FIA) is a regulated profession, access to which and the exercise of which are subject to strict conditions defined by the Monetary and Financial Code. The main purpose of these regulations is to ensure the protection of investors and the stability of the financial system. To become a FIA, it is essential to meet a number of cumulative conditions, relating to good repute, competence, responsibility and membership of a recognised professional framework. This article details the requirements for obtaining and maintaining this status, based on the complete legal guide to financial investment advisers (FIAs). Compulsory status: the need to comply with the legal requirements Access to the profession of financial investment adviser is not simply an option, but a legal requirement for anyone habitually engaged in the business of investment advice, as defined by article L. 541-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code....
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> The practice of seizing propertyA practical, chronological and exhaustive study of the implementation of a property seizure procedure.
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The effects of provisional enforcement during appeal or opposition proceedings
Provisional execution, a derogation from the principle of the suspensive effect of ordinary legal remedies, allows a creditor to pursue the immediate enforcement of a court decision despite an appeal or opposition. But what are its practical effects? When do they take effect? How do they affect the parties to the dispute? When does provisional enforcement take effect?Stopping and adjusting provisional enforcement: protecting the debtor
Provisional execution is formidable for the convicted debtor. It neutralises the suspensive effect of the appeal or opposition. The creditor can therefore obtain payment even though the decision is not final. But there are safeguards. The law offers two protective mechanisms for the debtor: the complete cessation of provisional enforcement...The two faces of provisional enforcement: de jure and optional
The principle of the suspensive effect of ordinary remedies is one of the pillars of French private judicial law. However, provisional execution is an exception to this principle, allowing a decision to be enforced immediately despite an appeal or opposition. This derogation is not insignificant: it considerably alters the balance of power between the parties...Advertising and information on home loans
Taking out a mortgage is often the project of a lifetime. The opacity that has long characterised this sector has led the legislator, notably through the reform of home credit and your rights, to impose strict rules to protect borrowers. Advertising and pre-contractual information are at the heart of...Central bodies in cooperative banking networks: role and powers
In the complex architecture of the French cooperative banking networks, the central bodies occupy a pivotal position. These entities ensure the cohesion and strategic steering of banking groups whose decentralised structure might seem incompatible with modern prudential requirements. The legal uniqueness of these bodies is based on their dual role of...The euro and its impact on leasing contracts
A recurring concern for companies when the euro was introduced was that of current leasing contracts. These contracts, which are executed successively over several years, seemed to be particularly exposed to currency turbulence. Twenty years on, these questions are still relevant when analysing the legal mechanisms applicable...Bank sub-participation: a hidden risk transfer mechanism
In the world of structured finance, bank sub-participation operates in the shadows. Unlike direct syndication, where all the lenders sign the contractual documentation, this mechanism allows a bank to transfer all or part of its credit risk to other institutions, often without the borrower's knowledge. 1....Syndicated loans: mechanisms and legal issues
Major property, industrial or infrastructure projects require colossal amounts of financing. A single bank can rarely take them on alone. This is where syndicated loans come in. Definition and typology of syndicated loans Definition and legal framework A syndicated loan is a transaction in which several banks join forces to grant a single loan....Specialised cooperative structures: cooperative banks and mutual guarantee companies
The financial sector is home to cooperative structures with a variety of legal forms. In addition to the major networks such as Crédit Agricole and Banques Populaires, two little-known models deserve attention: cooperative banks and mutual guarantee companies. These structures are governed by specific rules and operate...Transfer, assignment and fraud exception in documentary credits
In international trade, the documentary credit is a powerful tool for securing payments. Its strength lies in its independence from the underlying commercial contract. But what happens when the exporter wishes to mobilise the credit before it has even been realised? The circulation of documentary credits is governed by specific rules...
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